A low-dose CT scan is an advanced imaging test that uses specialized technology to capture detailed cross-sectional images of the body while minimizing radiation exposure.  By using a significantly lower radiation dose than a traditional CT scan, it provides a safer option for routine screenings and diagnostic evaluations, such as detecting lung nodules, heart disease, or other internal abnormalities.  This technique delivers clear, accurate images to help physicians make confident, early diagnoses while prioritizing patient safety.

An arthrogram is a specialized imaging procedure used to evauate the inside of a joint, such as the shoulder, hip, knee, or wrist.  During the exam, a contrast dye is gently injected into the joint space to enhance the visibility of the structures like cartilage, ligament, and tendons.  The detailed images, often captured with MRI, CT or X-ray, help physicians identify joint injuries, tears, or other abnormalities that may not appear on standard imaging.  This precise technique provides provides valuable information for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.

An ultrasound is a non-invasive diagnostic imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to create visual images of the inside of the body.  Ultrasound is valued for its safety, as it does not use ionizing radiation, making it a preferred choice for imaging soft tissues and for routine monitoring in obstetrics. Additionally, it can aid in diagnosing conditions related to the kidneys, and abdominal organs, among others.

An X-ray is a widely used imaging technique that allows healthcare professionals to view the internal structures of the body by utilizing a form of electromagnetic radiation. When X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed in varying amounts by different tissues, creating a contrast that produces images of bones, organs, and other internal structures on a film or digital receptor. This imaging method is particularly valuable for diagnosing fractures, detecting infections, and identifying the presence of tumors or foreign objects. Although X-rays involve exposure to a small amount of ionizing radiation, they are considered safe when used appropriately and are an essential tool in modern medicine for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

A calcium score is a diagnostic test that measures the amount of calcium deposits in the coronary arteries, providing an assessment of an individual’s risk for coronary artery disease (CAD). It is typically performed using a specialized type of CT scan called a coronary CT angiography or a non-contrast CT. The presence of calcium in the arteries is an indicator of atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up and can lead to heart attacks. By quantifying the calcium score, healthcare providers can better evaluate a patient’s cardiovascular health and determine appropriate preventive measures, lifestyle changes, or further testing needed to manage heart disease risk. A higher calcium score signifies a greater amount of arterial plaque and a higher risk for cardiovascular events.

Bone density refers to the amount of bone mineral content in a specified volume of bone, which is a key indicator of bone health and strength. It is commonly measured through a diagnostic test known as a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan, which provides precise measurements of bone density in areas such as the hip and spine. This assessment is crucial in identifying individuals at risk of osteoporosis and fractures, especially in older adults, postmenopausal women, and those with certain medical conditions or lifestyle factors that can affect bone health. Maintaining optimal bone density is vital for overall skeletal strength and reducing the risk of fractures as one ages. Regular screenings and lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise, can help support bone health.